Patch24: macOS Application Patch Management
Whether managing dozens of Macs or thousands, Patch24 scales easily. It helps IT and security teams respond to vulnerabilities and deploy updates organisation-wide, keeping systems secure without slowing operations. Centralised control and visibility simplify patching, even for remote devices, while audit-ready compliance reports support security assessments and demonstrate due diligence.
Features
- Easy portal to view compliance, track versions and define policy
- Customise your patching schedules to align with business needs easily
- Pin critical applications to specific versions for stability, security assurance
- Command-line app installation for automated, scriptable deployments across managed devices
- Set policy and patching rules based on device group membership
- Send out urgent updates at the push of a button
Benefits
- Automate macOS application updates to reduce manual workload and overhead.
- Provide complete visibility with centralised, real-time device patch status reporting.
- Work seamlessly with any MDM to simplify deployment and management.
- Improve security posture by ensuring timely macOS application updates.
- Meet security compliance through predictable, policy-driven macOS update workflows.
- Reduce user disruption using Patch24’s native macOS update experience.
- Customise update timings and behaviours to meet organisational patching policies.
- Target patch deployments by grouping devices with specific update behaviours.
- Enhance user clarity with configurable notifications explaining required updates.
- Integrate seamlessly without additional infrastructure or workflow changes.
Pricing
Service documents
Request an accessible format
Framework
G-Cloud 15
Service ID
2 3 6 8 4 4 0 2 1 7 7 6 2 1 6
Contact
Jigsaw24 Limited
Jake Donaldson
Telephone: 03332 400 888
Email: tenders@jigsaw24.com
About your service
- Service categories
-
Systems Infrastructure Software
Security
- Security analytics
- Governance, risk and compliance
- Multi cloud support
- No
Service scope
- Software add-on or extension
- No
- Cloud deployment model
- Public cloud
- Service constraints
- Software is limited to macOS Only.
- System requirements
-
- MacOS supported version plus two previous major releases required
- Outbound HTTPS access to Patch24 cloud services on port 443
- Admin access to Patch24 web portal via modern browser
- Client devices require HTTPS access to Patch24 API endpoints
- Client devices require HTTPS access to content delivery endpoints
- Minimum 10GB free disk space required on each device
- Valid Patch24 licence key required for service operation
- MDM required to deploy agent and configuration profiles
- Agent requires appropriate macOS permissions including Full Disk Access
- Compatible with Jamf Pro, Intune, and other MDM platforms
User support
- Email or online ticketing support
- Yes
- Support response times
- Patch24 support operates during standard coverage hours: Monday to Friday, 08:30–18:00, excluding public holidays in England. Response targets vary by priority level. For critical incidents (Priority 1), a response target is within 1 hour; serious issues (Priority 2) aim for 2 hours; minor incidents (Priority 3) aim for 4 hours; and routine service requests (Priority 4) target 1 day. These response SLAs apply only during defined support hours, so responses may be delayed outside these times. There are no guaranteed weekend response times under standard coverage, as weekend support is outside normal support availability.
- User can manage status and priority of support tickets
- Yes
- Online ticketing support accessibility
- None or don’t know
- Phone support
- No
- Web chat support
- No
- Onsite support
- Yes, at extra cost
- Support levels
- We can provide a professional services engineer to help configure and deploy Patch24 to customer requirements.
- Support available to third parties
- Yes
Onboarding and offboarding
- Getting started
-
We provide a getting started guide in our public documentation - https://docs.jigsaw24.com/Patch24/
We also a proof of concept period before purchase should the customer require it.
We can also provide professional services. - Service documentation
- Yes
- Documentation formats
- HTML
- End-of-contract data extraction
- As of January 2026 it is not possible to extract the data from Patch24.
- End-of-contract process
- The customers license and subscription would come to an end, and the application would cease to operate. Any removal of the application from customer devices is a customer responsibility and excluded from this offering
- Documentation accessibility standard
- None or don’t know
- How the documentation is accessible
- Patch24 provides clear, accessible onboarding and offboarding documentation through its comprehensive online documentation portal, designed to guide administrators from initial setup through agent removal. The “Getting Started” section walks users step-by-step through onboarding: from obtaining and activating a valid licence, configuring the environment, to deploying the Patch24 agent, including links to detailed platform-specific deployment guides for Jamf Pro, Microsoft Intune, and templated configuration profiles. Each step includes clear prerequisites and linked sections for deeper guidance on configuration areas like update policies, device groups, application management, and user notifications. The sidebar navigation gives quick access to related guides such as system requirements, configuration topics, FAQs, and support terms. For offboarding, the “Uninstalling Patch24” topic appears in the Help & Support section alongside logging, support terms, and FAQ categories, giving administrators straightforward instructions for safely removing the agent when it’s no longer needed. All documentation is web-hosted, searchable, and organised logically so IT teams can quickly locate onboarding or offboarding procedures without ambiguity. Users can also open support tickets directly from the portal or contact a Jigsaw24 representative for personalised assistance.
Using the service
- Web browser interface
- Yes
- Supported browsers
-
- Microsoft Edge
- Firefox
- Chrome
- Safari
- Opera
- Other
- Application to install
- Yes
- Compatible operating systems
- MacOS
- Designed for use on mobile devices
- No
- Service interface
- Yes
- User support accessibility
- None or don’t know
- Description of service interface
- Patch24 is a menu-bar macOS application. User can access this by simply clicking the application and updating their application manually. Or, leaving the agent to update the applications without any user interaction.
- Accessibility standards
- None or don’t know
- Description of accessibility
- N/A
- Accessibility testing
- N/A
- API
- No
- Customisation available
- Yes
- Description of customisation
- IT Administrators can customise the applications branding, patching policy, notification frequancy and applications being patched.
Scaling
- Independence of resources
- The Patch24 platform data is built on AWS Auto Scaling Architecture.
Analytics
- Service usage metrics
- Yes
- Metrics types
- On the Jigsaw24 portal you can view devices with the agent installed, applications installed on devices, versions of applications, device health and compliance.
- Reporting types
- Real-time dashboards
- Resource tagging
- No
- FOCUS resource tagging
- No
Resellers
- Supplier type
- Not a reseller
Staff security
- Staff security clearance
- Other security clearance
- Government security clearance
- Security Clearance (SC)
Asset protection
- Knowledge of data storage and processing locations
- Yes
- Data storage and processing locations
-
- United Kingdom
- European Economic Area (EEA)
- User control over data storage and processing locations
- No
- Datacentre security standards
- Managed by a third party
- Penetration testing frequency
- At least once a year
- Penetration testing approach
- ‘IT Health Check’ performed by a CREST-approved service provider
- Protecting data at rest
-
- Physical access control, complying with CSA CCM v4.0
- Other
- Other data at rest protection approach
- If you choose to leverage the Jigsaw24 Portal, the data is stored and hosted in AWS Architecture.
- Data sanitisation process
- No
- Equipment disposal approach
- Complying with a recognised standard, for example CSA CCM v4.0, CAS (Sanitisation) or ISO/IEC 27001
Data importing and exporting
- Data export approach
- As of January 2026 it is not possible to extract the data from Patch24.
- Data export formats
- Other
- Other data export formats
- JSON
- Data import formats
- Other
- Other data import formats
- All data is imported through the Agent
Data-in-transit protection
- Data protection between buyer and supplier networks
-
- TLS (version 1.2 or above)
- Other
- Other protection between networks
- Data is sent via HTTPS all our encryption keys are managed by automated cycling processes to ensure they remain compliant.
- Data protection within supplier network
-
- TLS (version 1.2 or above)
- Other
- Other protection within supplier network
- Data is stored in compliance with GDPR and data protection best practice. Data is encrypted at rest and in transit.
Availability and resilience
- Guaranteed availability
- Patch24 runs on a fully cloud‑native, high availability architecture based upon, multi‑AZ AWS architecture: stateless API and worker services run across distributed containers behind an AWS Application Load Balancer, ensuring seamless failover and autoscaling
- Approach to resilience
- Available on request
- Outage reporting
- We currently as of January 2026 do not offer this functionality.
Identity and authentication
- User authentication needed
- Yes
- User authentication
-
- Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)
- Username or password
- Other
- Other user authentication
- For the portal, IT Administrators authenticate with Username/ Password and Multi-Factor Authentication. There is also the option for SSO.
- Access restrictions in management interfaces and support channels
- Jigsaw24 restricts access to management interfaces and support channels using least-privilege principles, role-based permissions and privileged access governance. System access is granted on a need-to-know basis, approved by system owners and reviewed through the Joiners-Movers-Leavers process. Privileged roles are protected using Azure Privileged Identity Management with just-in-time access, justification and security oversight. Additional controls include Conditional Access, MFA, strong password policies and restrictions on service accounts and untrusted IPs. Support access is limited to authorised contacts only, with physical access secured through controlled entry, CCTV and monitored intrusion systems.
- Access restriction testing frequency
- At least once a year
- Management access authentication
-
- Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)
- Other
- Description of management access authentication
- Management Users can authenticate to the Jigsaw24 portal through Multi-Factor authentication or SSO.
Audit information for users
- Access to user activity audit information
- Users contact the support team to get audit information
- How long user audit data is stored for
- At least 12 months
- Access to supplier activity audit information
- Users contact the support team to get audit information
- How long supplier audit data is stored for
- At least 12 months
- How long system logs are stored for
- At least 12 months
Security governance
- Named board-level person responsible for service security
- Yes
- Security governance certified
- Yes
- Security governance standards
-
- ISO/IEC 27001
- Other
- Other security governance standards
- Cyber Essentials Plus
- Information security policies and processes
- Jigsaw24 operates a comprehensive Information Security Management System (ISMS) aligned to ISO 27001:2022, supported by additional certifications including Cyber Essentials Plus, ISO 9001, ISO 20000‑1, ISO 22301 and others. Core governance is defined in the organisation’s Information Security Policy, which commits to maintaining confidentiality, integrity and availability across all information assets through a structured framework of objectives, controls and continuous improvement practices. The ISMS is supported by a wide suite of security policies, such as the Acceptable Use Policy, Access Control Policy, Cryptography Policy, Incident Management Policy, Security Management Plan, Business Continuity Policy, and specialised documents including supplier assurance, removable media, network monitoring and secure development guidelines. These define how data is classified, protected, accessed, monitored and retained, ensuring compliance with legal, regulatory and contractual obligations.
- Software Security Code of Practice
- No
Operational security
- Configuration and change management standard
- Supplier-defined controls
- Configuration and change management approach
- Jigsaw24 follows a formally documented, ISO‑aligned and ITIL‑based change management framework that governs how any modification to systems or services is assessed, approved, tested, implemented and reviewed; this includes structured risk and impact evaluation, CAB oversight, controlled release processes, rollback planning, post‑change reviews, and secure‑by‑design checks—ensuring all changes are consistently managed, fully auditable, and aligned to organisational governance and regulatory requirements without affecting operational stability.
- Vulnerability management type
- Supplier-defined controls
- Vulnerability management approach
-
A vulnerability management tool is in place which scans, and is reviewed, on a daily basis. All critical/high vulnerabilities are remediated within 14 days, in line with Jigsaw24's Cyber Essentials Plus certification. Elevate24 and other Jigsaw24 developed tools, are scanned through a vulnerability scanning tool specifically designed for applications.
The network, website and API's in place (including Elevate24) are pen tested annually. - Protective monitoring type
- Supplier-defined controls
- Protective monitoring approach
- Jigsaw24 operates proactive protective monitoring under its Logging and Event Monitoring Policy, using continuous logging, alerting and vulnerability detection to identify potential compromise, including suspicious activity, failed logins and malware indicators. Suspected incidents are immediately triaged and investigated by the IT & Cyber Security team in line with the Incident Management Policy, with prioritisation based on severity and root cause. ISO-aligned processes govern response times, with critical vulnerabilities remediated within 14 days, real-time alerting, and prompt incident response to minimise impact. This is supported by ongoing vulnerability management, penetration testing, and audited business continuity frameworks.
- Incident management type
- Supplier-defined controls
- Incident management approach
-
An Incident Management Policy is in place which formalises the process as follows:
Identification of incident, including consideration for notifying affected parties
Containment
Restore
Learn
An Incident Management Log is in place to support the Policy and managed by the Security & Compliance Officer; incidents are categorised by 'type' (such as Data Breach of Loss/Theft of Equipment) and risk-assessed based on severity of incident. There are considerations for notifying enforcement bodies such as HSE and ICO.
All Jigsaw24 staff receive annual awareness training relating to information security, including incident management and reporting. - Post-quantum cryptography secure
- No
Secure development
- Approach to secure software development best practice
- Supplier-defined process
Public sector networks
- Connection to public sector networks
- No
Pricing
- Discount for educational organisations
- No
- Free trial available
- Yes
- Description of free trial
- Full access to the premium tier of Patch24 for a period of 30 days.
- Link to free trial
- https://jigsaw24.sharepoint.com/sites/Showcase/SitePages/Patch24(1).aspx?web=1
Discount percentage by annual call-off contract value (excluding VAT)
- Less than £250,000
- 0.01%
- Between £250,000 and £500,000
- 0.5%
- Between £500,001 and £1,000,000
- 1%
- Between £1,000,001 and £2,500,000
- 1.5%
- Between £2,500,001 and £5,000,000
- 2%
- Over £5,000,001
- 2.5%
Non-mandatory Standards and certifications
- ISO/IEC 27001 certification
- Yes
- Who accredited the ISO/IEC 27001
- Alcumus ISOQAR
- ISO/IEC 27001 accreditation date
- Friday 5 July 2024
- What the ISO/IEC 27001 doesn’t cover
- None - no exclusions listed
- ISO 28000:2022 certification
- No
- ISO 9001 certification
- Yes
- Who accredited the ISO 9001 certification
- Alcumus ISOQAR
- ISO 9001 accreditation date
- Thursday 14 March 2024
- What the ISO 9001 doesn’t cover
- None - no exclusions listed
- Quality management systems (QMS)
- Yes
- CSA STAR certification
- No
- PCI certification
- Yes
- Who accredited the PCI DSS certification
- PCI-DSS, our attestation is through Lloyds CardNet
- PCI DSS accreditation date
- Monday 12 May 2025
- What the PCI DSS doesn’t cover
- No exclusions, but only our webshop orders are in scope
- Cyber essentials
- Yes
- Please provide your Cyber Essentials Certificate Number
- A78e3180-b444-49bf-a39c-5dc18e59841e
- Cyber essentials plus
- Yes
- Please provide your Cyber Essentials Plus Certificate Number
- 4145db4f-23b3-411a-b9bb-d2f0fca56cf2
- Other security certifications
- Yes
- Any other security certifications
-
- ISO 20000-1
- ISO 22301
Social value
- Section B - Commitment for Future: Delivery
-
-
Mission: Kick start economic growth. To secure the highest sustained growth in the G7 - with good jobs and productivity growth in every part of the country making everyone, not just a few, better off.
Policy Outcome 1: Fair work: That offers fair wages and good working conditions. Help people get a job, stay in work, and progress in their careers, with good employment opportunities across the country. Notes: Where there is a large proportion of labour costs in the contract, commercial teams should consider MAC in Outcome 1 as a priority
- New or retained jobs on the contract workforce in the relevant area that meet the criteria set out in MAC 1b, 1c and 1d
- New apprenticeships on the contract workforce in the relevant area that meet the criteria set out in MAC 1b
- Providing opportunities for, and measuring and monitoring of, staff workforce conditions over time, including employee engagement, involvement in decision-making and satisfaction and adapting to any changes in the results, with clear processes for acting on issues identified
- Plans to engage the contract workforce in deciding the most important workplace issues to address
- Ensuring new workers are informed of their right to join a trade union
- Monitoring of employee engagement rates (by protected characteristic) and, where necessary, the development of actions to ensure all voices are heard across the diversity of the workforce
- Employment contracts that reflect actual hours worked; steps taken to ensure employees understand their contracts and have the ability to review and adjust them if actual hours regularly exceed contracted hours
- Activities that support an environment where staff are educated about, and feel empowered to, address their physical wellbeing
- Activities that support an environment where staff are educated about and feel empowered to report and address bullying and harassment
- Activities to cascade good practice on fair working conditions throughout the supply chain
- Offer a pay and leave entitlement to all eligible staff who become kinship carers, ideally equivalent to statutory adoption pay and leave
- Payment of more than the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage (as appropriate) to the contract workforce
- Monitoring and reporting of gender and ethnicity pay gaps and plans to address them where necessary
- Entitlement to sick pay for the contract workforce, with provision in place for any staff who do not meet the earnings threshold for statutory sick pay, payment of sick pay from day one of absence and payment of staff on the contract workforce who are off sick a replacement income of 100% of their usual earnings for as long as possible
- Plans for an appropriate income replacement policy for staff who are required to spend time away from work to care for a sick dependent or close relative
- Understanding of in-work progression issues affecting the market, industry or sector relevant to the contract, and in the supplier’s own organisation and those of its key sub-contractors
- Measures to support in-work progression to help people in the contract workforce, to move into higher paid work by developing new skills relevant to the contract
- Support for the contract workforce by providing career advice, and providing opportunities for staff working on the contract with in-work progression career development into known skills shortages or high growth areas
- Support for educational attainment relevant to the contract, including training schemes that address skills gaps and result in recognised qualifications
- Volunteering opportunities for staff
- Understanding of the modern slavery risks and issues affecting the market, industry, sector or country (of origin or of source) relevant to the contract, and the workforce in the supplier’s own organisation and those of its key subcontractors
- Measures to identify, mitigate and manage modern slavery risks relating to the contract and how these will be implemented
- Outline policies and practices to be applied to or put in place for the contract to mitigate and manage modern slavery risks, including: Pre-employment checks, recruitment practices. Workplace conditions, safeguarding plans and processes in place and regular monitoring with relevant groups considered, which may include sampling
- How these flow down the supply chain and are monitored Illustrative examples include reporting, site visits, audits, etc.
- How to ensure business decisions re: price/cost, short lead times, payment timescales do not create modern slavery risks in the supply chain
- How the supplier will work with NGOs, trade unions or other businesses to address modern slavery risk
- Means of influencing staff, suppliers, customers, communities and/or any other appropriate stakeholders with respect to modern slavery risks relating to the contract
-
Mission: Kick start economic growth. To secure the highest sustained growth in the G7 - with good jobs and productivity growth in every part of the country making everyone, not just a few, better off.
Policy Outcome 2: Skills for growth: Supporting growth sectors and addressing skills gaps.
- Understanding of employment and relevant skills issues, and of the education and training issues relating to the contract. Illustrative examples: demographics, skills shortages, new opportunities in high growth sectors, geographic/local community and skills/employment challenges
- Support for educational attainment relevant to the contract, including training schemes that address skills gaps and result in recognised qualifications
- Activities to support relevant sector related skills growth and sustainability in the contract workforce. Illustrative examples: careers talks, curriculum support, literacy support, safety talks and volunteering
- Delivery of apprenticeships, supported internships and T Level industry placement opportunities (Level 2, 3 and 4+) in relation to the contract
-
Mission: Kick start economic growth. To secure the highest sustained growth in the G7 - with good jobs and productivity growth in every part of the country making everyone, not just a few, better off.
Policy Outcome 3: Resilient, innovative and flexible supply chains: Support economic growth through enabling resilient businesses, opportunities for small businesses and voluntary, community and social enterprises
- Understanding of the types of businesses in the market and the level of participation by new businesses, entrepreneurs, start-ups, SMEs, VCSEs and mutuals
- Activities to identify opportunities to open up sub-contracts under the prime contract to a diverse range of businesses, including new businesses, entrepreneurs, start-ups, SMEs, VCSEs and mutuals
- Plans for engaging a diverse range of businesses in engagement activities prior to appointing subcontractors (including activities prior to award of the main contract and during the contract term)
- Activities that demonstrate a collaborative way to work with a diverse range of businesses as part of the supply chain
- Ensuring accessibility to contracting and subcontracting opportunities for disabled business owners and employees
- Structuring of the supply chain selection process to ensure fairness (e.g. anti-corruption) and encourages participation by a diverse range of businesses, including with regard to new businesses, entrepreneurs, start-ups, SMEs, VCSEs and mutual
- Understanding of local demographics, needs and opportunities for the co-design of the goods, services and works to be delivered under the contract
- Methods for engaging with different parts of the community (including the education system and charities representing the community) and how communities come together to inform decisions, strategy and projects to leave a positive legacy for future generations
- Measures to involve local stakeholders and/or users in design (e.g. in the design of services, systems, products or buildings)
- Support for community-led initiatives relevant to the contract. Illustrative examples: improving transport links; reducing loneliness; helping with English language proficiency; and facilitating social mixing among people with different backgrounds
- Collaborating with anchor institutions and community groups to make facilities available for education, training or community events
-
Mission: Make Britain a clean energy superpower: To cut bills, create jobs and deliver security with cheaper, zero-carbon electricity by 2030, accelerating to net zero
Policy Outcome 4: Sustainable procurement practices: Reducing carbon footprints, minimising waste, and promoting the use of clean energy and green technologies.
- Understanding of opportunities for additional environmental benefits delivery in the performance of the contract, including working towards net zero carbon emissions and use of clean energy and green technologies
- Collaborative ways of working with the supply chain to deliver additional environmental benefits in the performance of the contract, including working towards net zero carbon emissions and use of clean energy and green technologies
- Delivery of additional environmental benefits through the performance of the contract, including working towards net zero carbon emissions and use of clean energy and green technologies
- Understanding of how to influence staff, suppliers, customers, communities and/or any other appropriate stakeholders through the delivery of the contract to support climate and nature protection and improvement
- Activities to reconnect people with the environment and increase awareness of ways to protect and enhance it
-
Mission: Break down barriers to opportunity: By reforming our childcare and education systems, to make sure there is no class ceiling on the ambitions of young people in Britain
Policy Outcome 6: Employment and training: For those who face barriers to employment
- Understanding of employment and skills issues, and of the skills and employment shortages of high growth sectors relating to the contract
- Creation of employment opportunities particularly for those who face barriers to employment, such as prison leavers, care leavers and/or who are located in deprived areas, and for people in industries with known skills shortages or in high growth sectors
- Delivery of training schemes and programmes to address any identified skills gaps and under-representation in the workforce for the contract (e.g. prison leavers, care leavers, kinship carers, disabled people)
- Understanding of the issues affecting the representation of disabled people in the workforce in the market, industry or sector relevant to the contract, and in the supplier’s own organisation and those of its key sub-contractors
- Collection of the views and expertise of disabled people and their representative organisations on successfully supporting disabled employees or applicants
- Inclusive and accessible recruitment practices, and retention-focused activities, including those provided in the Guide for line managers on recruiting, managing and developing people with a disability or health condition
- Introducing transparency to pay and reward processes
- Offering a range of quality opportunities with routes of progression if appropriate, e.g. T Level industry placements, students supported into higher level apprenticeships.
- Working conditions which promote an inclusive working environment and promote retention and progression
- Other measures to provide equality of opportunity for disabled people and those with health conditions into employment, including becoming a Disability Confident employer and inclusion of supported businesses in the contract supply chain
- Understanding of the issues affecting inequality in employment, skills and pay in the market, industry or sector relevant to the contract, and in the supplier’s own organisation and those of its key sub-contractors. Measures to tackle inequality in employment, skills and pay in the contract workforce
- Inclusive and accessible development practices, including guidance for line managers on recruiting, managing and developing people with a disability or health condition
-
Mission: Break down barriers to opportunity: By reforming our childcare and education systems, to make sure there is no class ceiling on the ambitions of young people in Britain
Policy Outcome 7: Creating a pipeline of opportunities: For the contract workforce, reducing barriers to entry for under-represented groups.
- Understanding of the issues affecting the development of new skills by target cohort
- Understanding of the underlying factors affecting improvements to reduce barriers to entry and training schemes for the target cohort(s) related to the contract workforce
- Other measures to offer development opportunities for the target cohort(s) in the contract workforce
- Understanding of issues relating to entering the contract workforce
- Creation of outreach activities to create a pipeline of employees for the future contract delivery
- Content of the outreach activity is designed to suit the target cohort
- Advertising, promotional and outreach activities designed to raise awareness of the offer to reach the target cohort
-
Mission: Build an NHS fit for the future: That is there when people need it; with fewer lives lost to the biggest killers; in a fairer Britain, where everyone lives well for longer.
Policy Outcome 8: Increasing productivity through physical and mental wellbeing: In the supply chain and communities in the relevant area.
- Understanding of issues relating to health and wellbeing, including physical and mental health, in the contract workforce
- Understanding barriers to access to health and social care services or employment opportunities e.g. digital inclusion
- Inclusive and accessible recruitment practices, development practices and retention policies that support-focused activities including those provided in the Guide for line managers on recruiting, managing and developing which support people with a disability or health condition
- Actions to invest in the physical and mental health and wellbeing of the contract workforce
-